{"id":13831,"date":"2022-02-02T11:00:14","date_gmt":"2022-02-02T17:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/backup.primeaction.com\/sp\/?p=13831"},"modified":"2022-01-28T17:10:19","modified_gmt":"2022-01-28T23:10:19","slug":"mexico-regresa-al-deficit-comercial-impactado-por-la-crisis-de-insumos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/backup.primeaction.com\/sp\/mexico-regresa-al-deficit-comercial-impactado-por-la-crisis-de-insumos\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9xico regresa al d\u00e9ficit comercial impactado por la crisis de insumos"},"content":{"rendered":"

La econom\u00eda mexicana rompi\u00f3 su racha de dos a\u00f1os de super\u00e1vit comercial con un d\u00e9ficit de 11,491.1 millones de d\u00f3lares en 2021, tras un cierre de a\u00f1o caracterizado por la desaceleraci\u00f3n de las exportaciones, en particular del sector automotor, por la crisis de insumos.<\/p>\n

El Instituto Nacional de Geograf\u00eda y Estad\u00edstica (Inegi) report\u00f3 este jueves que en 2021 las exportaciones sumaron 494,224.5 millones de d\u00f3lares mientras que las importaciones totalizaron 505,715.6 millones de d\u00f3lares, las cifras m\u00e1s altas desde 1993, seg\u00fan datos de la Secretar\u00eda de Econom\u00eda.<\/p>\n

\u201cLas exportaciones totales aumentaron 18.5% respecto a las de 2020 y su valor total ascendi\u00f3 a 494,225 millones de d\u00f3lares. Seguiremos trabajando para fortalecer el comercio exterior de M\u00e9xico\u201d, presumi\u00f3 en sus redes la subsecretaria de Comercio Exterior, Luz Mar\u00eda de la Mora.<\/p>\n

Pero las importaciones subieron a un ritmo mayor, con un avance anual de 32.1% frente a 2020, cuando M\u00e9xico tuvo un super\u00e1vit de 34,013 millones de d\u00f3lares, el m\u00e1s alto en tres d\u00e9cadas.<\/p>\n

El Banco de M\u00e9xico (Banxico) lo atribuy\u00f3 en un reporte \u201ca una disminuci\u00f3n del super\u00e1vit de la balanza de productos no petroleros, que pas\u00f3 de 47,938 millones de d\u00f3lares en 2020 a 13,435 millones de d\u00f3lares en 2021\u201d.<\/p>\n

Mientras que hubo \u201cun incremento del d\u00e9ficit de la balanza de productos petroleros, que pas\u00f3 de 13,924 millones de d\u00f3lares en 2020 a 24,926 millones de d\u00f3lares en 2021\u201d.<\/p>\n

Desaceleran manufacturas<\/p>\n

El d\u00e9ficit tambi\u00e9n se explica porque \u201cdesde mayo de 2021 de manera mensual ha habido una reducci\u00f3n de exportaciones, principalmente del sector manufacturero\u201d, advirti\u00f3 Jos\u00e9 Ignacio Mart\u00ednez, coordinador del Laboratorio de An\u00e1lisis en Comercio Econom\u00eda y Negocios (LACEN) de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM).<\/p>\n

Las exportaciones de la industria automotriz, que representan la cuarta parte de las exportaciones manufactureras mexicanas, crecieron 13.8% en 2021, pero cayeron en todos los meses del segundo semestre del a\u00f1o, salvo en noviembre.<\/p>\n

Las manufacturas, y el sector automotor en particular, padecieron en la segunda mitad del a\u00f1o la desaceleraci\u00f3n industrial en Estados Unidos, la escasez de insumos como chips semiconductores y cuellos de botella en las cadenas de valor.<\/p>\n

El profesor Mart\u00ednez se\u00f1al\u00f3 tambi\u00e9n la ca\u00edda mensual de 0.10% de las exportaciones totales en diciembre.<\/p>\n

\u201cAqu\u00ed hay una ca\u00edda muy importante y esto refleja que la actividad industrial de la empresa en M\u00e9xico se est\u00e1 reduciendo\u201d, coment\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Gabriela Siller, directora de an\u00e1lisis econ\u00f3mico de Banco Base, tambi\u00e9n explic\u00f3 que el repunte de las exportaciones se debi\u00f3 \u201ca un efecto de baja base de comparaci\u00f3n por la afectaci\u00f3n inicial de la pandemia\u201d en 2020.<\/p>\n

\u201cNo obstante, el crecimiento con respecto a 2019 fue de 7,30 %, lo cual indica que se observ\u00f3 una expansi\u00f3n fuerte para la mayor\u00eda de las exportaciones\u201d, matiz\u00f3.<\/p>\n

El motor econ\u00f3mico<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s de m\u00e1s de 4.7 millones de casos de Covid-19 y casi 305,000 muertes, la quinta cifra m\u00e1s alta del mundo, la pandemia dej\u00f3 una contracci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica de 8.2% del PIB en M\u00e9xico en 2020.<\/p>\n

La importancia de la balanza comercial radica en que el Gobierno ha apostado al sector exterior para un repunte esperado de 6% en 2021.<\/p>\n

No obstante, BBVA baj\u00f3 esta semana su c\u00e1lculo del crecimiento en M\u00e9xico a 5.3% en 2021, explicado por ca\u00eddas en el consumo y en la producci\u00f3n industrial, ya que la industria automotriz opera solo al 60% de su capacidad.<\/p>\n

Y aunque Estados Unidos creci\u00f3 5.7%, su mayor avance anual registrado desde 1984, como se revel\u00f3 este jueves, su producci\u00f3n industrial comenz\u00f3 a desacelerarse en junio, indic\u00f3 el profesor Mart\u00ednez.<\/p>\n

\u201cCuando hay un comportamiento negativo en un indicador estadounidense tiene una relaci\u00f3n con la econom\u00eda mexicana. A los dos meses de esa ca\u00edda en Estados Unidos viene el efecto en M\u00e9xico\u201d, detall\u00f3.<\/p>\n

El economista advirti\u00f3 que el escenario exportador se complica en M\u00e9xico para 2022 despu\u00e9s de que esta semana el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) rebaj\u00f3 a 4.4% su previsi\u00f3n de crecimiento de la econom\u00eda mundial, lastrada por desaceleraciones en Estados Unidos y China.<\/p>\n

En particular, previ\u00f3 problemas para los cinco estados que concentran m\u00e1s de la mitad de las exportaciones: los fronterizos Chihuahua, Coahuila, Baja California, Nuevo Le\u00f3n y Tamaulipas.<\/p>\n

\u201cSi se cae la producci\u00f3n de Estados Unidos, deja de invertir en estas entidades y, por lo tanto, vamos a ver en este primer trimestre de 2022 un creciente desempleo manufacturero exportador\u201d, se\u00f1al\u00f3 el coordinador del LACEN.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Las importaciones del pa\u00eds llegaron en 2021 a su nivel m\u00e1s alto desde 1993 mientras que las exportaciones se desaceleraron.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":13833,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-post.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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