{"id":17400,"date":"2022-11-08T10:00:31","date_gmt":"2022-11-08T16:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/backup.primeaction.com\/sp\/?p=17400"},"modified":"2022-11-07T17:17:25","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T23:17:25","slug":"99-5-de-mexicanos-estan-expuestos-a-contaminacion-del-aire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/backup.primeaction.com\/sp\/99-5-de-mexicanos-estan-expuestos-a-contaminacion-del-aire\/","title":{"rendered":"99.5% de mexicanos est\u00e1n expuestos a contaminaci\u00f3n del aire"},"content":{"rendered":"

El 99.5 por ciento de la poblaci\u00f3n de M\u00e9xico est\u00e1 expuesta a niveles de contaminaci\u00f3n del aire que representan riesgos para la salud humana, seg\u00fan el informe Perspectivas Econ\u00f3micas de Am\u00e9rica Latina 2022.<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, se sa\u00f1ala que M\u00e9xico alberga casi el 12 por ciento de la biodiversidad mundial y es geogr\u00e1ficamente vulnerable a los riesgos del cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n

\u201cLa mitigaci\u00f3n y adaptaci\u00f3n al cambio clim\u00e1tico fueron declaradas de inter\u00e9s p\u00fablico desde 1988 a partir de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecol\u00f3gico y Protecci\u00f3n al Ambiente. En 2020 se lanz\u00f3 el Programa Sectorial de Recursos Naturales 2020-2024 y ahora M\u00e9xico tiene la intenci\u00f3n de presentar objetivos NDC mejorados para 2030 antes de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (COP27)\u201d, se\u00f1ala el informe presentado este lunes por la OCDE, la CEPAL, CAF Banco de Am\u00e9rica Latina y la Comisi\u00f3n Europea.<\/p>\n

La proporci\u00f3n de la poblaci\u00f3n mexicana expuesta a niveles de contaminaci\u00f3n del aire que presentan riesgos para la salud humana (PM2.5 a m\u00e1s de 10 \u00b5g\/m3) fue del 99.5 por ciento, igual al nivel reportado en 2021, superior al 95.4 por ciento del promedio de Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe y por encima del 61 por ciento entre los pa\u00edses de la Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Econ\u00f3mico (OCDE).<\/p>\n

La pobreza en M\u00e9xico tambi\u00e9n es superior al promedio de la regi\u00f3n y de la OCDE con un 37.4 por ciento de poblaci\u00f3n en esta situaci\u00f3n al 2020 y 9.2 por ciento en pobreza extrema, cifras superiores al 26.3 y 8.7 por ciento, en cada caso para la regi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

La productividad laboral en 2021 cay\u00f3 al 32.8 desde 37.7 por ciento en 2016 como porcentaje de la de Estados Unidos, comparado con el 67.2 por ciento de los pa\u00edses de la OCDE y el gasto en investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo como porcentaje del PIB baj\u00f3 a 0.3 por ciento en 2020 desde 0.4 por ciento en 2016.<\/p>\n

La poblaci\u00f3n satisfecha con los esfuerzos de preservaci\u00f3n del medio ambiente cay\u00f3 al 38.3 por ciento en 2021 desde 46.3 por ciento en 2016 y muy por debajo del nivel de satisfacci\u00f3n entre la OCDE del 51.2 por ciento.<\/p>\n

En el aspecto fiscal, los ingresos fiscales relacionados con el medio ambiente fueron del 1.4 por ciento del producto interno bruto (PIB) en 2020, por encima del 1.0 por ciento de la regi\u00f3n pero por debajo de la OCDE de 2.1 por ciento, lo que expone el espacio de oportunidad existente para tomar pol\u00edticas fiscales medioambientales.<\/p>\n

El informe presentado en el marco del arranque de la COP27 en Egipto identifica a la transici\u00f3n verde de los pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina como una oportunidad para tomar acciones decisivas con pol\u00edticas fiscales, industriales, tecnol\u00f3gicas y sociales que deriven en el desarrollo inclusivo y bienestar de la poblaci\u00f3n con la sustentabilidad del medio ambiente.<\/p>\n

En M\u00e9xico la inversi\u00f3n en energ\u00eda renovable alcanz\u00f3 11.58 billones de d\u00f3lares entre 2009 y 2018, fue el segundo mayor destino de inversi\u00f3n despu\u00e9s de Brasil y al igual que sus pares de la regi\u00f3n, la descarbonizaci\u00f3n de la econom\u00eda deber\u00eda de ser parte importante de la estrategia de transici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan el informe, cinco acciones clave podr\u00edan ayudar a los pa\u00edses a avanzar hacia la descarbonizaci\u00f3n empezando por las reducciones de metano; maximizar el potencial del gas asociado; electrificaci\u00f3n de la industria del petr\u00f3leo y el gas con tecnolog\u00edas renovables; avanzar en la captura, utilizaci\u00f3n y almacenamiento de carbono; y la eliminaci\u00f3n gradual de la generaci\u00f3n t\u00e9rmica a base de combustibles f\u00f3siles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00e9xico tiene la intenci\u00f3n de presentar nuevos objetivos clim\u00e1ticos en la COP27 en Egipto.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":17402,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-post.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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