{"id":19347,"date":"2023-07-05T13:10:33","date_gmt":"2023-07-05T18:10:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/backup.primeaction.com\/sp\/?p=19347"},"modified":"2023-07-05T13:55:24","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T18:55:24","slug":"expertos-buscan-implementar-ia-en-las-predicciones-del-tiempo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/backup.primeaction.com\/sp\/expertos-buscan-implementar-ia-en-las-predicciones-del-tiempo\/","title":{"rendered":"Expertos buscan implementar IA en las predicciones del tiempo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los usos de la inteligencia artificial (IA) son cada vez amplios, ahora puede emplearse tambi\u00e9n para ayudar a predecir el tiempo, para lo que se han presentado dos m\u00e9todos: uno de pron\u00f3sticos a corto plazo y otro para patrones meteorol\u00f3gicos globales.<\/p>\n

En dos art\u00edculos que publica Nature se exponen esos m\u00e9todos de predicci\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica asistida por IA, que son tan precisos como los existentes o que abordan fen\u00f3menos meteorol\u00f3gicos hasta ahora intratables.<\/p>\n

Uno de los m\u00e9todos puede predecir patrones meteorol\u00f3gicos globales con hasta una semana de antelaci\u00f3n, mientras que el otro puede hacer predicciones meteorol\u00f3gicas a corto plazo, incluidos fen\u00f3menos de precipitaciones extremas.<\/p>\n

Antes de considerar si los nuevos enfoques podr\u00edan complementar o sustituir a los actuales sistemas de predicci\u00f3n, es necesario que la comunidad tradicional de predicci\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica realice una evaluaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s profunda y se implique m\u00e1s en ella, se\u00f1ala Nature. El sistema de previsi\u00f3n m\u00e1s preciso, en la actualidad, es el m\u00e9todo de predicci\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica num\u00e9rica, que se basa principalmente en ecuaciones f\u00edsicas, pero requiere mucha potencia de c\u00e1lculo y suele ser lento para cada simulaci\u00f3n. En los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, algunos m\u00e9todos basados en la IA han demostrado su potencial para acelerar considerablemente la predicci\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica, aunque su precisi\u00f3n suele ser inferior a la de los m\u00e9todos num\u00e9ricos.<\/p>\n

Expertos buscan implementar IA en las predicciones del tiempo<\/p>\n

El primero de los estudios presenta un sistema de previsi\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica basado en IA llamado Pangu-Weather, que puede predecir el tiempo mundial con hasta una semana de antelaci\u00f3n tras haber sido entrenado durante 39 a\u00f1os con datos meteorol\u00f3gicos mundiales.<\/p>\n

El sistema produjo resultados de predicci\u00f3n con una precisi\u00f3n comparable a la del mejor sistema num\u00e9rico de predicci\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica del mundo, el del Centro Europeo de Predicci\u00f3n Meteorol\u00f3gica a Medio Plazo, y fue 10,000 veces m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido con la misma resoluci\u00f3n espacial, dice la publicaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Pangu-Weather tambi\u00e9n utiliz\u00f3 un modelo 3D para pronosticar a varios niveles de altura, proporcionando resultados m\u00e1s completos y detallados que sus predecesores de IA, como FourCastNet.<\/p>\n

El segundo de los m\u00e9todos, llamado NowcastNet, es un modelo que combina reglas f\u00edsicas y aprendizaje profundo para la predicci\u00f3n inmediata de precipitaciones.<\/p>\n

Este m\u00e9todo permite la predicci\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica a muy corto plazo, hasta con seis horas de antelaci\u00f3n, por lo que proporciona informaci\u00f3n detallada del tiempo actual y puede usarse en la prevenci\u00f3n de riesgos y la gesti\u00f3n de crisis de precipitaciones extremas.<\/p>\n

El sistema, que se basa en observaciones de radar de EU y China, predijo precipitaciones con alta resoluci\u00f3n con hasta tres horas de antelaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Los resultados demostraron su fortaleza en la previsi\u00f3n de \u00edndices de lluvia, en particular de fen\u00f3menos de precipitaci\u00f3n extrema que antes se consideraban un reto. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El primer modelo de previsi\u00f3n meteorol\u00f3gica basado en IA llamado Pangu-Weather, puede predecir el tiempo con hasta una semana de antelaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":19349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-post.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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